The U.S. pressure on the IAEA to publish its murky evidence of alleged studies based on U.S. intelligence is not likely to achieve its aim. It probably would have achieved something if it had contained some new and serious violations of Iran's NPT obligations. But there is nothing like that in it.
Even the Guardian's Julian Borger, not exactly a friend of Iran, says the report is a dud:
There is something a little phoney about all the sound and fury. There is nothing in the report that was not previously known by the major powers. The West and Israel supplied most of the original tip-offs for the annex on weapons development …
…
Furthermore, the bulk of the report is historical, referring to the years leading up to 2003. …
…
After that, … the evidence … is sketchier, and it is clear the UN inspectors are less confident about making assertions about the more recent period.
The purpose of this show, like with the alleged plot against the Saudi ambassador and the Israeli threats against Iran, was to build international pressure for even more sanctions on Iran and, as the Russians rightly see it, for regime change.
But before the report was published Russia and China spoke out against it. They will obviously not commit to new UN sanctions on Iran based on it and other flimsy issues.
According to Flynt Leverett the U.S. has already tried to get international support to sanction the Central Bank of Iran (CBI). It failed. Nobody in Europe or Asia is willing to risk more harm to their economies by endangering the oil supply Iran provides to the world market. Sanctioning Iran's Central Bank would likely do that. Also to consider here that the last time the U.S. tried such an approach, against Japan in 1940/41, the consequence was the Japanese hail mary attack on Pearl Harbor.
There isn't much else the U.S. can do. An attack on Iran is off the table as the following drastic increase in oil prices would tank the world economy and thereby kill any reelection chance Obama might have. The administration knows it has lost this cause and has no new ideas what to do about it:
"I'm definitely going to tell you we need time to study it," State Department spokeswoman Victoria Nuland told reporters on Tuesday following the release of the IAEA report, ..
…
In a conference call with reporters on Tuesday afternoon, two senior administration officials predicted that the Obama administration would increase sanctions on Iran in light of the report but declined to offer any specifics on what they might be.That explanation wasn't well received by lawmakers in both parties on Tuesday, who offered plenty of specific ideas on how to ramp up pressure on Tehran and have no intention of waiting for the administration to "study" the IAEA's findings.
Those lawmakers want the CBI sanctions or other crazy stuff but without international support that is mere posturing. The craziest idea, which they might pick up on, was presented in an OpEd by Ilan Berman in today's NYT: To Stop Iran, Lean On China
[The Treasury Department's] Mr. Cohen’s recent jaunt to Beijing was intended to convince the Chinese government that it must decisively curtail its ties to Tehran, or face real economic costs. This message needs to be coupled with the application of concrete economic penalties — from bans on United States-based energy projects to prohibitions on financial transactions that fall under American jurisdiction — that are intended to persuade Chinese companies, including Cnooc and PetroChina, to scale back their economic contacts with Iran. At the same time, greater targeted sanctions and asset freezes are needed to bring to heel Chinese individuals and entities that are currently complicit in Iran’s nuclear advances.
That is a "sanction country A so it sanctions country B" strategy that might work when country A is Micronesia. But threatening your biggest creditor with sanctions and starting a trade war with it while running a current account deficit of some $480 billion in 2011, money the U.S. will have to borrow from China and others, is beyond crazy.
So what do I think is likely to happen. There will be a lot of chest thumping, some new unilateral U.S. sanctions on individuals and side issues that no one in Iran will care about. Sarkozy and Cameron may join in on that but the result will be nil. Israel will get some more money and will be told to shut up.
In a year or two the show will be repeated with even less success.