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What To Do About North Korea?
Roubini recommends that North Korea should open its economy the way China and North Korea did.
Impoverished North Korea can liberalize its economy while maintaining its political system if it follows the path taken by China and Vietnam, prominent economist Nouriel Roubini said Wednesday.
"I think the lesson is that progressive economic opening and liberalization even in a formerly centrally controlled economy can lead to beneficial changes," Roubini told reporters on the sidelines of a technology forum.
In principal I agree, but I fear the North Korea is different case than China and Vietnam. Those were and are oligarchic ruled states while North Korea is ruled by a personalized dictatorship. At least that is how it looks from the outside.
Another difference is the state ideology. The communism in North Korea and China after the late 1970s took a slow slide toward capitalism.
North Korea's ideology, Juche, is based on self-reliance and self-dependency of the country. While there is a walkable path from communism to capitalism (and back) via socialism and social-democracy in their various states, there is a large gap between state self-dependency and self-reliance and an open trade economy. Opening up could well mean a break down of the Juche ideology and the ruling system it was build to justify. The countries neighbors, China and South Korea fear the consequences of such a breakdown.
Anyway – such an evolution would take years and the current problem with North Korea abandoning the armistice and pounding the wardrums can not be solved by that.
More difficult to solve than the long term economic stuff are indeed the current tensions. Any ideas what to do about these?
What are the next steps for China, the U.S. and South Korea to take?
North Korea’s government is, more than anything else, built around a historical vision of the Korean people as an embattled race, ever on the verge of extinction. The threats they face are the Chinese, the Japanese, and traditionally the Mongols, although now it’s probably something more along the lines of the Russians and neighboring, former Soviet states. There are two thousand years — or more — of history behind this vision, and it runs almost as strong in South Korea as in the North. It’s a Korean thing — not just North Korean — and it’s not going to go away.
The North basically sees South Korea as having been conquered by Japan and the United States, and their isolation and determination to get weaponry really is motivated first and foremost by a survival instinct.
If you want to obviate the North Korean threat, then the best way is to urge South Korea to make peace with its neighbor and enter into serious negotiations about building permanent ties.
Unfortunately, Roh’s suicide last week shows that the reactionary forces in South Korea are too strong. I cannot emphasize this enough: the reactionaries in South Korea get their support from Japan and, to a lesser degree, the United States. The Japanese exert tremendous influence over South Korean political decisions, and the reactionary, conservative, anti-communist forces of South Korea basically boil down to two groups: Protestant Christians, and Japanese “collaborators”, for lack of a better word.
Both groups assert that they are Korean nationalists first, and pose in public as hyper-ethnic, anti-foreign actors. But privately, the conservative forces in South Korea are pushing for “victory” over the Northern “communists”, and they are willing to say and do whatever is asked of them by the U.S. and Japan to guarantee that the flow of arms and money continues. The corruption that Roh was fighting is essentially the system of economic patronage that has been built up by Japan and the U.S. It was put in place by MacArthur and his crew, and serves to keep the South Korean government in close step with the U.S. and Japan.
Peace with North Korea would be a very simple thing, then: pressure the Japanese to rein in their influence and start seriously pressuring them to insist on negotiations with the North; pressure the Presbyterian Church and other protestant organizations to start pushing for negotiations with the North; and begin funneling money and political support to South Korean political groups like Roh’s Uri Party, or the more unification-oriented elements of the Democratic Party, while at the same time slowly cutting off the current clients in the Grand National Party.
Unfortunately, these actions would be difficult for any U.S. administration to do publicly, since pro-unification politicians are generally also trying to reduce U.S. influence over Korean politics. The measures might also take a long time to implement, and the process would see a lot of resistance from powerful reactionaries within the U.S. and Japan — but surprisingly, there would probably be a lot of support for the plan from the U.S. military, and that might be able to make the whole thing work. Col. Lang, for instance, made an intriguing and provocative comment a few months back, stating that he thought it’s time to pull the U.S. military out of South Korea.
U.S. influence will slowly be absorbed by the Chinese, anyway, so if anything is going to be done, it should be done now, rather than later. If North and South start building lasting, direct links now, under the auspices of U.S. promotion, then the North Korean threat will be quickly eliminated and direct U.S. influence would be extended by at least a generation or two.
So Cloned Poster is right: China, the U.S. and Japan are really the problem, here. Unfortunately, the elephant in the room is that it is the most conservative, reactionary forces in both the U.S. and Japan that dictate the tenor of those two countries’ actions and relationship, and those fools want to keep up the pretense of the Cold War. Thus, if the U.S. wants to keep its relationship with Japan, then the tensions in Korea and Taiwan will probably remain perpetual, and once again the only solution remains that China grow great enough that it can force the issues against U.S. will. Should that happen, Europe will embrace the solution and the U.S. will be further isolated.
The Taiwan issue may be resolved — by which i mean, “reunification” — within the next five years, perhaps ten at the outside. I may be wrong, but i think it will come before any significant inroads are made towards Korean reunification; but once Taiwan does join China, movement on the Korea issue will follow in relatively short time.
Posted by: china_hand2 | May 28 2009 2:25 utc | 15
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