The second study (pdf) on mortality in Iraq after the U.S. led invasion was published last October in the venerable medical journal Lancet.
The authors’ major conclusion was this:
We estimate that as of July, 2006, there have been 654.965 (392.979–942.636) excess Iraqi deaths as a consequence of the war, which corresponds to 2-5% of the population in the study area.
Wikipedia discusses criticisms and defenses of the study.
The study calculated excess death, by comparing mortality in Iraq before the invasion and in various periods after the invasion.
- Pre-invasion: 5.5 deaths/1,000/year
- March 2003-April 2004: 7.5 deaths/1,000/year
- May 2004-May 2005: 10.9 deaths/1,000/year
- June 2005-June 2006: 19.8 deaths/1,000/year
As we have not seen a significant decrease of violence in Iraq since the last period covered in the study, it should be valid to extrapolate the numbers.
The excess death in the last study period are 14.3/1,000/year or 1.192/1,000/month. The total calculations are based on a pre-war population of 26 million. As some 1.5 million Iraqis have fled the country, (with another 1 million expected to be displaced this year,) the lower base leads to some 29,200 per month dying in Iraq of war-related causes. Additionally to the study’s number of 650,000 by now another 220,000 have died. By end of June 2007 the estimated number of war-related dead will have exceeded 1,000,000.