Officials in several Ukrainian cities have refused to accept the outcome of Sunday’s presidential election.
Tens of thousands of protesters have rallied to contest the official victory for Prime Minister Viktor Yanukovych, amid Western concern over the vote.
Opposition challenger Viktor Yushchenko has told supporters to stage a civil disobedience campaign.
But central security authorities are warning that they are ready to put down any lawlessness "quickly and firmly".
The "KGB candidate" incumbant Yanukovych has officially won. The "CIA candidate" Yushchenko has probably lost. There are concerns about election irregularities that naturally would not happen in any really democratic state.
[OECD claimed] violations included a continuing "media bias" in favour of Mr Yanukovych and intimidation of observers and voters.
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Exit polls earlier suggested that Mr Yushchenko had been on course for victory with a lead of at least six percentage points.His supporters say they do not believe the official turnout figure of 96% in eastern Ukraine.
During the campaign, Mr Yushchenko, prime minister between 1999 and 2001, claimed to have been the victim of intimidation and dirty tricks, including an alleged poisoning attempt.
His critics portray him as an American puppet who will do anything to gain power, including inciting civil unrest.
I have no firm opinion on what is happening in Ukraine, but I do prefer any nonviolent outcome, even if it is not a 100% certified democratic solution.