Moon of Alabama Brecht quote
September 28, 2004
The Real Test Is Your Action

by jdp

We have had several discussions at the Moon of Alabama about peak oil, what the market does concerning energy and how world stability affects oil prices. Well, instead of arguing over oil, I feel it’s better to try and figure out and apply methods to reduce our dependence on foreign oil and be environmentally friendly. While this may not wet our appetites for Bush bashing, energy conservation surely isn’t his favourite subject.

First some web sites. Everyone should go on-line to www.energysavers.gov, a US Department of Energy site and download “Energy Savers: Tips on Saving Energy & Money at Home.” This booklet shows where in picture form and tells where you lose the most energy in your home and tips on how to correct problems.

Another useful website is the Energy Star site at: www.energystar.gov. This site rates all appliances in the home. If an appliance doesn’t have an Energy Star label, you want to ask for Energy Star standard appliances.

Just some “Fast Facts” from an Energy Star fact sheet I received at a conference last week. “If every household in the United States changed the lighting in one room of their home to Energy Star,”

1. We would save 857 billion kWh of energy and keep one trillion pounds of greenhouse gases out of the air.
2. Our annual energy savings alone would be equivalent to the annual output of more than 21 power plants.
3. Our annual savings could light more than 34 million US homes for one year.

This should be more than enough reason to switch light bulbs in your house. Our family is doing our part. Our home has fluorescent throughout including my outside lights. Our first sets of fluorescent lights lasted seven years. My walkway lights are solar. Our home has extra insulation including six inch walls and fourteen inches in the ceiling. We also have insulated floors. All of our appliances are energy efficient and our washer is a low water use washer.

On the local level, some of the initiatives our community is involved in are amazing. The community has a bio mass power plant located in it. The community received an Agricultural Renaissance Zone designation for forty acres. To heat any new business that may locate in the Ag Zone, the community through grants and grant match, run a circulating hot water line using power plant cooling water. This will provide 90 degree plus hot water to the businesses, the heat can be extracted and the water returned cooler. This increases the efficiency of the power plant, and allows the Ag businesses a cheap source of heat. (Europe is far ahead of the US in this type of venture, though eco-parks are becoming more common in the US.)

Along the river in the community a functioning Grist Mill is being built. Much of the cost is being paid for by grants, donations from business and individuals, and donations from local governmental units. This project has been seven years in the making. It has a twenty foot high water wheel and will be able to provide grain grinding demonstrations, and produce electricity. On the building will be solar electric and in the river a micro-hydro unit to produce electricity. The building should have plenty of electric and put energy back on the grid. The building will be heated with ground water through a heat exchanger.

The walls will be insulated with 1 1/2 inch foam with foil backing that reflects cold and heat. The building is wrapped in foil insulation with a R 10.2 value. The walls will have a four inch dead air space giving the walls a total of R-30.6 value. The roof rafters have 1″ ridged radiant barrier foam board with an R-12 factors. On top will be 12″ of blown insulation with an R-38 value for a total of R-50 value in the ceilings. This is a great addition to the community. And as a side note, the community officially has a new telecom company that will be a rural cooperative. They will locate in a room in the Grist Mill building and provide telephone, internet, cable TV and home alarm services to areas that currently do not have phone service. Yes, there are still many areas in the US without telephone service.

These are a few things you can do, what I am doing and what our community is doing. We can argue about peak oil anytime, but, the real test is the actions you personally take to help the problem. I would appreciate stories of peoples own energy conservation efforts and any ideas.

Comments

There is a downloadable free book, Winning the Oil Endgame, by the Rocky Mountain Institute.

Winning the Oil Endgame offers a coherent strategy for ending oil dependence, starting with the United States but applicable worldwide. There are many analyses of the oil problem. This synthesis is the first roadmap of the oil solution—one led by business for profit, not dictated by government for reasons of ideology. This roadmap is independent, peer-reviewed, written for business and military leaders, and co-funded by the Pentagon. It combines innovative technologies and new business models with uncommon public policies: market-oriented without taxes, innovation-driven without mandates, not dependent on major (if any) national legislation, and designed to support, not distort, business logic.

I didn´t read it yet, but you may want to take a look.

Posted by: b | Sep 28 2004 12:11 utc | 1

Good thoughts jdp.
I’m really interested in this subject-wind power,water power,alternatives to oil, insulation, conservation, etc. Just beginning to learn.
will check ypur links out.

Posted by: FlashHarry | Sep 28 2004 12:52 utc | 2

I repost here my comment form this morning on ‘crude’, as I think it fits much better here.
Bernhard, I really hope Bandarboy will stay on his vacation until November. Actually, I am not very unhappy about the oil price, maybe when it gets even higher things will finally start to change.
The other day I received a consumer magazine from my electricity company, with a nice article an how to conserve energy and reduce CO2. Unfortunately, it is too long to translate. However, in a separate box there was this model called the “2000-Watt-society” with a graph of the hourly watt consumption of primary energy per person, in different countries.
UAE – 14’500W
US – 10’500W
Russia – 5’700W
Switzerland – 5’100W
China – 1’200W
Bangladesh – 200W

At present, it seems that the average per head consumption, worldwide, is at 2200W. The Goal would be 2000W, meaning that countries like China and Bangladesh would be allowed to use more energy and the most of the other countries would have to reduce their consumption. I guess the consumption of the UAE is neglectable in its effect on world consumption, considering its population that I think is small, but for the US it will be a tremendous challenge. The electricity company thinks this can be done through saving and through new technology. I must say I was pleased to read, that my electricity provider shares my own environmental philosophy.

Posted by: Fran | Sep 28 2004 12:56 utc | 3

Oh, man.
It’s nice to hear that people are aware of the new technologies that are, to be certain, more energy efficient than the current standard incarnations of these products.
But even if the energy savings you quote are accurate (and I will show in a moment why they likely are not), “saving” energy in the fashion you describe merely applies the brakes to a vehicle that has already sped past the point of no return, and the brick wall limit of minimum calories needed to sustain human life looms.
On a less apocalyptic level, I think the “energy savings” you posit leave out the energy to 1)fabcricate the new devices; 2)transport them ;3)dispose of the old devices; 4) the environmental costs of said fabrication and transport, and disposal. Plus, who the hell has the spare cash (most of us don’t, I’m afraid) to replace my appliances and bulbs and insulation when rent and rice is killing us?
The essential flaw is the belief that our way of life can continue, albeit in fluorescent, low-flow, form–
Not so. The vehicle must hit the wall, billions must die, and the survivors will evolve, or die.
Other than that, how are all of you folks? And I’m still voting for Kerry in the desperate, silly hope that I’m simply out of my mind, despite the screaming red indicators all around me.
Peace.

Posted by: thepuffin | Sep 28 2004 16:27 utc | 4

I’ve been “away” for a while, so I’m not sure if the topic of renewable oil has come up here.
There have been several articles released lately that have covered the “myth” of peak oil.
Like this one In the Wall Street Journal
Apparently, oil is not the result of dinosaur bones and million year old plants. Instead results from an underground process using methane.
And…oil wells don’t really dry up. The holes that are drilled clog up. There have been artile out saying that the walls of the holes just need to be re-scraped for production to continue.
I was recently told that the Germans made there own oil during WWII because of their lack of natural resources. Haven’t researched that one yet.
Unfortunately, my browser blew up a little while ago and I lost my links to the methane process and redrilling techniques. I’ll see if I can re-find them, because I know just one link doesn’t cut it.
Even with replenishable oil being a possiblity, I firmly believe it still does not detract from the imperitive need for using and finding more alternate sources of power.
The biggest reason for alternates is our atmosphere. How much oxygen can the world burn up and pollute for the sake of power before the CO2 O2 exchange starts having troubles keeping up? Between pollution and just the plain old using up of oxygen, there has to be a limit.

Posted by: PRob | Sep 28 2004 17:25 utc | 5

The links above bring me to a page announcing they are no longer available?
Hmm. Until the ‘car’ does ‘hit the wall’ and until ‘billions’ do ‘die’ [not holding my breath for this like the puffin], I wouldn’t mind info on how to use solar power [not much wind here] to reduce my energy bills. I read somewhere that some guy was actually selling back to his local energy company the extra energy he generated at home. Neat trick. In this neighborhood there would probably be an HOA rule against it.

Posted by: gylangirl | Sep 28 2004 18:36 utc | 6

Right on jdp. The important message to glean from the peak oil scenario is that opportunities are opening for anyone who chooses to think beyond the petroleum age. Whether oil has peaked today or will in 5 to 10 years is a moot point in this regard. Oil will eventually peak and energy costs must rise as this happens. This will make many alternative energy financially more attractive and those who prepared for this eventually will fare better than those who haven’t.
The Rocky Mountain Institute’s publication “Winning the Oil Endgame” linked to in b’s first comment on this thread is must reading for those interested in where we might head from here. It is free on line and I would suggest reading at least the “Executive Summary” and “Conclusions” sections. An interesting quote from the “Conclusions”:
As Paul Roberts says in “The End of Oil,” the real question… is not whether change is going to come, but whether the shift will be peaceful and orderly or chaotic and violent because we waited too long to begin planning for it.
An important point I think often overlooked in understanding the repercussions of peak oil is how heavily dependent most everything in our economy is on the low price of petroleum. For instance, the most conservative estimate for unit of fossil energy input per unit of editable energy (food) output is 10 to 1. For every calorie we eat it requires 10 calories of petroleum energy. This isn’t, of course, a law of physics but only how the national/world energy equation balances today. This is far from true in my garden because I don’t use any petroleum products in my garden food production. (Not exactly true.) The chicken manure in my compost is partially a product of grain which had a petroleum input.
One other point that I’d like to make in regard to your post on the last thread jdp. The off shore oil, the Canadian oil sands etc all contain huge quantities of petroleum reserve but another factor comes into play as we start to exploit these resources. That is the EROEI (Energy Returned On Energy Invested). Recovery of these will take an ever increasing investment in energy input for usable energy output. After we reach peak oil, it’s a constantly diminishing return.
Anyway, I applaud you for tackling this issue on your post. Thanks.

Posted by: Juannie | Sep 28 2004 18:49 utc | 7

@PRoB
That WSJ article was by CHRISTOPHER COOPER. Asia Times once dissected his disinformation technics.
The article you pointed to is fraud. It starts with mysteries and something “unexplained”

By 1989, production had slowed to about 4,000 barrels a day.
Then suddenly — some say almost inexplicably — Eugene Island’s fortunes reversed. The field, operated by PennzEnergy Co., is now producing 13,000 barrels a day, and probable reserves have rocketed to more than 400 million barrels from 60 million

and only after one has read through all the academics cited out of context one finds:

The Eugene Island researchers began their investigation about the same time that 3-D seismic technology was introduced to the oil business, allowing geologists to see promising reservoirs as a cavern in the ground rather than as a line on a piece of paper.

A third well was drilled at a spot on an adjacent lease, where the fault disappeared from seismic view. The researchers missed the stream but hit a fair-size reservoir, one that is still producing.

Conclusion: An oil well ran dry. Someone did new research with new methods to look at some interesting geologics in that area. Then they drilled a new well at a new site near the old one and that did produce some amount. – almost inexplicably – isn´t it? Only the editorials at the WSJ are worse than this.

Posted by: b | Sep 28 2004 18:54 utc | 8

@gylangirl
The links are fixed now – sorry, I did screw them up when I posted jdp´s piece.

Posted by: b | Sep 28 2004 18:58 utc | 9

jdp – thanks for raising the issue.
As most of you may already know, I work in project finance in the energy sector, and I have moved in the past few years from a purely oil&gas activity to oil + renewables, and my bank, thanks to the push by my boss and myself, has become a leader in the financing of the wind sector.
This document by the EWEA (European Wind Energy Association) provides a good summary of where the industry stands today (this is the link to the Executive Summary, you also have a 300-page report on the same site). The important thing is that today, wind is already almost competitive with other sources of power (coal, gas, nuclear), without even taking into effect the obviously better sustainability (no pollution, no fuel dependency). Plus, interestingly, it is a lot more labor-intensive form of energy production, and thus less sensitive to the declining EROEI effect mentioned above by Juannie. And the lack of fuel requirements means no need for imports from “difficult” countries, and thus no hidden military cost either.
All of this to say that I claim that my work directly contributes to bringing our civilisation to a more rational and sustainable form of energy use, and I will thus count it here in the “what have you done” list… In the past 3 years, we have taken a leading role in the financing of 15 projects (that means doing real work to make the project happening, not “just” providing money), totalling close to 2000 MW, i.e. 2 billion euros of investment, of which banks provided about 80%, and our own 10% (we like to share the risk around). That’s projects on which I have worked personally and brought to a succesful conclusion. We’ve also worked on the same number of project in addition in a passive way (i.e. the work is done by another bank and they bring us in at the end)
I am still working on the oil&gas side (and an interesting trend is that the big Western oil majors seem to be doing most of their investments in the natural gas business these days) and it is quite fascinating to see – and participate in – both parts of the energy sector. As you know, I am “sold out” to Big Oil, in that I have a lot of respect for the job they do – providing us with the cheapest energy they can find within the existing incentive framework.
which leads me to my real point – if you want to change things, change the incentives, and these companies will deliver. No, really. Europe has done a pretty good job of encouraging wind power, and the result has exceeded all expectations – even Greenpeace’s. That’s the way to go to – change micro and macro incentives. Of course, that’s newspeak for tax-and-subsidise, but if you can show there is an underlying economic reality behind it (pollution, scarcity, etc), you can go a long way.
Do the right thing on your own and feel good. Get your authorities to reward doing the right thing and feel even better! (and getting results when the incentives you clamored for do come is a good way to get more).

Posted by: Jérôme | Sep 28 2004 19:28 utc | 10

Twenty years ago I created a t-shirt design. It was a silhouette of myself on my ten-speed, with both hands high above my head.
The caption: Look Ma, No Arab Oil.
Twenty freakin’ years ago…
Far and away the greatest thing you can do for yourself and the planet is to find a way to bring bicycling back into your life.
There are three reasons why obesity is such a problem:
1) Our bodies have evolved to store excess food against future scarcities.
2) We have surrendered out legs to the internal combustion engine.
3) An abundance of cheap and tasty corporate fast food.
Only (2) and (3) can be altered by behaviour changes.
Every other argument that tries to explain obesity in other terms is pretty much modern apologetic bullshit.
The bottom line is that people are fat because they are sedentary and eat too much.
Nuf’ said.
In point of fact–WE have surrendered our legs to the automobile. WE, a speicies that walked the planet in seach of flora and fauna. A species that was in constant motion, constant caloric burn.
Consequently our bodies crave the self-motion, the balance, the awareness that comes with being on that most efficient and elegant form of human transport.
Lose a car.
Gain a bike.
If you are serious about walking the talk…

Posted by: koreyel | Sep 28 2004 19:56 utc | 11

As Bernhard said, stating that oil doesn’t come from eons ago but is a continuous process is akin to creationism BS. After spending tens of billions on research and exploration, one woulde xpect the scientists and oil-men to know how the stuff comes to be.
Puffin: points taken. Though one of my first concerns when reading jdp very interesting post was that it left out some key concernes.
Sure, it’s fine to have energy-efficient lightbulbs. It’s also important to know how many are used and lighted and for how long. I cringe and curse every holidays when I see all this waste of electricity going to light stupid lights all over the city. Of course I also cringe when thinking of all these big signs at Piccadilly Circus and Time Square. But then, when I’m stupidly at my comp the night, half the time I turn the lights off because I don’t really need to see my keyboard anymore to use it, usually.
Jérôme: as usual, great post.
Right now, I tend to think that one of the main issue wind may face in many areas will be the NIMBY opposition – if it’s big turbines all over the far sea, people won’t mind, but you’ll have to convince them to put one atop the hill behind their house.
Incentives should definitely be used. When I think of the tens of billions that were spent on R/D for nuclear power in the last 40 years, I can’t help but think that if the same sum had been put into tidal, wind and solar power, we would currently have at our disposal a bigger amount of energy to waste as we will than we have with oil and nuclear plants.
I’m also reminded that Greenpeace, a few years ago, funded an independant lab who, in something like one year of research, managed to come with a modified VW beetle that went from Hamburg to Roma and back again without having to refuel (something like 1.5-2 l / 100 km, roughly). That just goes to show that the car industry is just a dinosaur stuck in its own Kondratieff cycle because they don’t want to lower their margins by modifying their plants.
Koreyel: tell that to the Chinese. These guys are frightening. They’re busy banning bikes from the cities right now.
That said, I fully agree about the way of life. If people walked just half a mile to and from work every day, it would alreaday lead to serious changes. Though I suspect some people would prefer to become a car-human cyborg rather than use foot, bike or public transportation…

Posted by: Clueless Joe | Sep 28 2004 20:32 utc | 12

Thanks for the good comments.
For the post above who cannot afford energy saver bulbs, Home Depot has the five year for around seven dollars for four of them. Thats what I used the second time around. My light bills are 10-15% lower than they were with conventional bulbs. The reason fluorescent works better is conventional bulbs lose 90% of the energy in wasted heat production. Feel a conventional and then feel the energy saver.
jdp

Posted by: jdp | Sep 28 2004 20:58 utc | 13

@b
Thanks for the info on the misinfo.
I’m not trying to BS anyone. I guess I’m latching on to technical propaganda. That sucks, but I still want to keep an open mind. Especially with leading edge technologies.
I’m pretty sure the technology for energy saver bulbs has been around for over 100 years(you do know its just a repackaged flourescent light, right?). Ever wonder why its taken so long to come to market? Probably that 90% inefficiency thing with regular bulbs. In the words of those Enron pukes, “burn baby burn”
Of course advancing quickly is rarely popular with the Haves of the world. JP Morgan never liked Tesla, inventor of the flourescent bulb, and after the panic of 1907, squashed the funding he promised Tesla to build a wireless power station. Light bulbs using that power would have been of the “energy saver” variety. Has anybody seen an attempt at building on of those stations since? No. Why? Because the copper, lumber, steel and other industries like GE, Edison, and Westinghouse would not have profitted like they did if wireless power was in place. Oh, and you can’t meter houses for energy use.
What’s my point? Well, I firmly believe that there is energy technology out there that is just sitting on a shelf somewhere. Technology that is better than solar and wind. I think it exists and is just sitting there like the energy saving bulb was. So, if I have to get suckered into believing disinformation just to find the few things that are viable and true, I will. And I’ll share it so other people start to ask where this stuff is too.
Here is a link to another article. Its about Super Deep wells. The title is harsh but again the content was interesting. This describes the redrilling I was referring to.
Like I said before, even if we weren’t running out of oil. I question its use for providing energy at current and any future elevated levels. There is just too much exchange of bad for worse going on.
Jérôme brings up a great point about “Getting our “authorities to reward doing the right thing”. I agree that’s what we should do. It just too bad that our “authorities” are all of those bastards in bed with the energy industry.
So yes, turn off those lights, drop your thermostat, promote solar and wind power, but to really make things right, we need a revolution!

Posted by: PRob | Sep 28 2004 22:38 utc | 14

Just some further info. You can buy 6 energy star rated bulbs for $9.97. They are 7 year bulbs and kick out 60 watts at 14 watts use. Over the life of each bulb you will save $46 per bulb over conventional.
Also, I heard Mike Hoover, a portfolio manager for the Excelsior Energy and Natural Resources Fund. He stated in no uncertain terms that there is a $20 terror premium built into a barrel of oil. He stated at current supply long term prices per barrel should be $28.

Posted by: jdp | Sep 28 2004 23:47 utc | 15

@clueless joe:
Right now, I tend to think that one of the main issue wind may face in many areas will be the NIMBY opposition – if it’s big turbines all over the far sea, people won’t mind, but you’ll have to convince them to put one atop the hill behind their house.
EXACTLY!
In western Maryland (home turf to that infamous vixen Lyndie England), the wind blows most all the time. A windmill project was set up behind a block of subsistence housing, and worked just fine.
Residents of the project complained that it interfered with their view of the mountains.
Project’s in limbo at this time. Friends I have up there say the project’s visual effect is pretty innocuous.
True story. Dave Barry didn’t make it up.

Posted by: FlashHarry | Sep 29 2004 0:33 utc | 16

koreyel,
I wish I could remember where I read it, but while I’m looking I’ll post this. I read or heard an evolutionary physiologist on the subject recently. He said this: The reason why there “appears” to be an “obesity” problem is that our species’ metabolism has not yet caught up with our evolved activity. The metabolism that produces leaner people came from a time when lives were very different. No vehicles, some animal transportation, but feet were it, basically. Diets were different when our ancestorial metabolism became “set in semi-stone” back then. He said in essence that in time the human metabolism will adjust, evolve, and there will be fewer humans overweight. Then of course you must factor in hereditary body types … the traditional 3 are ectomorphs (long bones, build bone and hair well, don’t gain weight abnormally, build muscle with difficulty) … the mesomorphs (the medal-winning muscle-builders and keepers… they can be overweight if inactive. Mesos are the group that NEED activity to feel healthy in body and mind) … and last but not least, the endomorphs… (poor endos are maligned a lot, but their body type, like the others is inherited. They can build muscle but not like the mesos. They are genetically big people, who can get very big with large consumption and little activity) There’s more, but I know I’m off topic. I just really hate the junk science that foisted upon us these days about the new cultural demon: “obesity”. Oh, and BTW … the fad diets that are low-carb and little or no-carb are very dangerous, but they are being marketed to the hilt now in our Time of Fat Shame.
😉
Now can somebody tell me how I can get solar panels on the cheap for my house? I’ve been wanting them since early 1999, but have never been able to afford them. And I don’t do credit cards. Anybody know anybody who will barter for ghost-writing or HTML web work or similar services?

Posted by: Kate_Storm | Sep 29 2004 2:21 utc | 17

Well here’s a thread after my own heart — picking back up some of the issues from “Addictive Oil”. We’ve been over some of this ground over at the Annex, talking about the unsustainability problem.
I’m working on kicking the habit (mainlining crude, that is)… Haven’t owned a gas car for over 10 years. Haven’t owned any car at all for about 4 years. Bike and walk, bus, train, whatever works. However, be advised all this exercise does not necessarily make a person thin, only healthy 🙂
Americans consume more energy per capita per diem than most people in the world and many people think that this means we’re happier. And yet Americans also consume more prescription antidepressants than any other population in the world, and are one of the biggest markets for illegal (self-medication) psychoactives of various kinds. Does that sound like a happy population? Hmmm. Does “Consumer Choice” make us happy? Maybe not. What if the world is counter-intuitive — counter, that is, to the intuitions of a greedy 7 year old whose imagination leaps at the thought of being let loose in the candy store to Eat it All?
Our agricultural system is terrifyingly dysfunctional and in many ways counterproductive; it produces low-grade food by destroying the most valuable agricultural resources: living soil, genetic diversity, nutritional content. Which is like chopping bits of wood out of the hull of the ship to have a nice barbie on deck.
At some point someone really ought to think about economy, lifeways, how business and politics are conducted etc, in terms of happiness and health, the two things which are, imho, our only real wealth. Should we judge our success as a country by how many millionaires we count as citizens, or by how many happy people we count as citizens? And what makes people happy, anyway? If the mountain of material goods that many Amurcans spend their lives perched on doesn’t make them happy, then what the heck do they want?
America-as-a-business is certainly generating a lot of cash that goes into a few people’s personal pockets, but it seems to be generating a lot of depression, malnutrition, boredom, incompetence, misery, etc. at the same time. Not to mention spreading misery generously around the globe in its haste to grab the resources needed to go on feeding the squandrous lifestyle and generating the easy profits.
Consuming more and more energy, more and more conspicuously, having more and more “energy slaves” that free us from the slightest effort or the least need to acquire a skill, to concentrate for more than a few seconds, to accumulate any knowledge — it does have a kind of brute-force appeal, an appeal to the barbarian in us, a kind of Pharaonic grandiosity. But I’m not sure it makes us happy.
One of the side benefits of choosing the less energy-intensive path might be — we could cross our fingers here — that more happiness, more fun, a more engaged and interesting life might be the end result. I have a couple of friends who have done the solar whole-house thing — selling power back to the utility — and I notice that they seem to be getting a lot of fun out of the simple business of getting electricity to run their microwave oven. They had to plan and think to build their system. They take pride and satisfaction in its success. The transition from being passive consumers to active producers [in a limited sense of course, they didn’t exactly weave their own solar panels out of hand-spun silicon clipped from their own basaltic sheep formations] has been fun. Riding my bike is way more fun than driving a car. So when I think of a less energy-intensive lifestyle I tend to think it might be an improvement.
Just to confuse everyone who had got me nicely pigeonholed as the Self Appointed Prophet of Doooooom 🙂

Posted by: DeAnander | Sep 29 2004 6:04 utc | 18

Kate: well, we still have the metabolism of cavemen, one who has evolved over the hundreds of thousands of years of our late hunter-gatherer lifestyle. We grow crop and rise cattle since a few thousands of years, which is obviously unsufficient to see an evolution in human species. So our body is still used to eat meat and vegetables, fruits and the like. That our body wasn’t originally designed to eat bread and pasta is probably the only loose argument I’ll ever see about low-carb; but it doesn’t mean we can’t eat this, and most importantly it omits another crucial fact: cavemen ate meat, but they didn’t eat fat meat because that didn’t really exist. People weren’t fattening pigs in their farm 30’000 years ago, they were hunting wild beasts always on the run, themselves feeding over weaker animals also on the rung – as opposed to cattle messed up with hormones, antibiotics, and overfed so that it can grow even bigger and fatter.
DeAnander: I tend to think the main problem of US agriculture (which may soon be the problem of many other areas) is that it doesn’t produce crop to feed people, but to feed beef, which is then fed to people.

Posted by: CluelessJoe | Sep 29 2004 8:39 utc | 19

Getting my kids to school and back in rain and snow rules out a bike, thanks. When you add the sports gear, the groceries, the dog, and the luggage from hubbie’s business trips, there is no way we could manage without a car. Can’t afford housing near the office, and the metro doesn’t stop everywhere you have to go. Work is in one direction, university is in the other, the sick friend’s hospital in a third, the friend who agreed to watch your kids for a couple hours is in a fourth direction.
Face it, the bike lifestyle only suits a certain type of person: single city dweller where everything is conveniently located nearby. Expecting the whole nation to trade in their cars for bikes is just plain crazy.
Inventing a car that doesn’t ruin the atmosphere is a much better plan.

Posted by: gylangirl | Sep 29 2004 17:10 utc | 20

@Gylangirl
au contraire, I know quite a few families with kids who don’t use cars, or use them only minimally. it’s true that country dwellers have a harder time of it, and imho a legitimate use for powered individual transport; but the majority of the world’s people live in cities or urbanised areas, not out in the country.
the really intractable problem (aside from the deliberate sabotage and dismantling of US public transit networks in the 40’s — they can be rebuilt) is the “have cake and eat it too” suburban lifestyle, invented in the US — in which people choose (and are encouraged) to live at a great distance from shops, libraries, schools and other amenities, in a kind of wasteland that is neither country nor city, neither rural solitude nor community. they expect to enjoy all the amenities of urban life, while remaining cloistered in an enclave restricted to their own class (and sometimes race); and the only glue that will hold that lifestyle together is neverending car use, hours and hours of life-time spent driving around consuming fossil fuel and emitting toxins.
interestingly enough, the strange life of the suburbs, usually embraced partly for a sense of “safety,” turns out not to be any more safe than urban living; suburbanites are more likely to be killed or injured by a car than urbanites are to be mugged, and urbanites who walk/bike/bus have better general health than suburbanites. oddly there is not much difference in stress/depression levels between the two demographics, though I myself find suburbs intensely depressing. Guardian Article.

Twitch back the lace curtains and, far from a good life, you’ll find that living in the “burbs” can lead to a range of chronic illnesses including high blood pressure, arthritis, diabetes and migraines, according to new research.
Scientists writing in the journal Public Health even found that the strain of life in suburbia could leave residents prematurely aged, compared with city dwellers.

great legacy to pass on to the kids eh? and that is not counting the issues in child development raised by Mayer Hillman and others — the “UPS package kids” who are shuttled from one location to another through their entire childhoods, never achieving independent mobility until they can get their driver’s license at the age of 16, miss out on some fairly important stages of mental, social, and physical development. loving parents imagine that cocooning their kids from cradle to high school in heavily armoured cars is a good thing, but it may not be.
btw there is no such thing as “a car that doesn’t ruin the environment” — this is like believing you can be a vegetarian and still eat chicken. the definition of “car” as we know it is a heavy vehicle (15 to 30+ times the weight of its driver plus payload) with a power plant sufficient to provide snappy acceleration and high speeds over long distances. there is no power source other than fossil fuel that will provide this blend of features, nor is there any way to make the absurd disproportion of vehicle weight to payload weight anything other than grossly inefficient and wasteful. nor for that matter is there any way to make the huge, heavy vehicle w/o enormous energy investments, materials mining, etc.
if we consider the greenhouse gas emissions for which the average US car is “responsible” — the emissions that can be traced or apportioned to that particular car — then 30 percent of that total emission happens during manufacturing. its subsequent life on the roadway accounts for only 2/3 of its contribution to greenhouse gas overload. and we’re not even talking about the amount of clean water that is irretrievably polluted by the various manufacturing processes, etc.
now, we could get creative and imagine a private, covered, self-powered vehicle that would be more sustainable, but it would not be recognisable to today’s driver as “a car” — the body would be made of ultralight composites, the acceleration would be modest, the top speed would be modest, it would not be as soundproofed, the range would be more limited, etc. it would, of course, be far safer — driver, passenger, pedestrian and cyclist deaths would be reduced considerably. but today’s driver would reject it out of hand. it would not be “fast enough” or “strong enough” or (and this I think is the real reason) macho and swaggering enough to keep consumers happy.
I note that car-dependent persons often seem to recite the same script when brought face to face with the consequence of car-dependence; and the script is similar enough both emotionally and structurally to the script that substance addicts recite, that the metaphor or simile of “addiction” remains defensible for me.
the driver disavows all responsibility for the choices they have made that commit them to car-dependence. they disavow responsibility for the pollution they emit, or the fuel they guzzle, or the noise they inflict on others, or the pedestrians they endanger, or the millions of animals killed by cars every year, or the health problems they inflict on themeselves by total car dependence. the responsibility is all with someone else… a shadowy “They” who must “invent” a magical solution that will let us have our cars, just like they are now, and yet still have a healthy planet. it’s always someone else’s problem to “fix it”. it’s always “you can’t expect people to…” (get wet when it rains, walk more than a block, make friends with their neighbours, not fly everywhere at the drop of a hat, travel more slowly, get a little exercise)– but on the other hand we can confidently expect other people — lots of them — to die or starve or accept perpetual colonial occupation, so we can go on driving our cars everywhere. I know which expectation I think is “plain crazy.”
and, by the way, No, we can’t run them on peanut butter 🙂

Posted by: DeAnander | Sep 29 2004 18:38 utc | 21

Yes it is good to be a responsible citizen and Save.
Here upper class people sneer at supermarket cash-desk girls on minimum wage who offer them free plastic bags — plastic bags pollute. Even Russian Mafyia peope do this. Dripping diamonds, they deliver a free lecture, counting on a captive helpless audience. The Client is King. Jeez, the last lady I saw who did this had the guts to tell the cash-desk girl that in Russia people didn’t pollute much!
Consuming ‘energy’ (petroleum, electricity usually produced by fossil fuels in the US, coal, wood, bio..) is locked into the territorial, industrial, building-arrangement in most developed countries. Individual action cannot have any consequent, long-term, or hard hitting impact. People are entirely dependent on their geographical and housing set up, and unless they are very rich, they can do nothing to affect those parameters. They can save for double glazing to reduce their energy bills, but will continue to live in a crappy suburban house and drive 100’s of miles each month to shop in the cheapest supermarket, bring their kids to school, and, absolutely vital, get to work. People who refuse to live in this way (and really do ‘save’ energy on an individual level) are considered outcasts, cranks.
Nobody wants to be one of those. How could you get a groovy date? And get married? Nope.
While some of the measures posted by jdp are great, buying new light bulbs will not change the % of US energy dependence, nor will it stop the confrontation in the ME. (Just a friendly dig 🙂
Surely, many good initiatives exist here and there. They may be examples for others. (I even think about Switzerland in this way, although here all the known miracles have been implemented..or are being so..)
However, without a drastic and immediate Governmental change in energy policy in the US, which would include territoral re-organisation, complete review of transport, huge investment for the future, and some very tough measures people would not like, such as doubling up in existent housing, nothing will change.
The interesting thing is that particularly in the US people feel it is their personal responsibility to “do something”. If they do so, though the Gvmt. makes approving noises, they are going completely against the policies of their leaders, without confronting them head on.
And, hey, windpower acconts for less than 2% of energy production worldwide.

Posted by: Blackie | Sep 29 2004 19:16 utc | 22

Amen Blackie.
Like I said, to really make things right, we need a revolution!

Posted by: PRob | Sep 29 2004 19:23 utc | 23

Bring it on! 🙂

Posted by: Blackie | Sep 29 2004 19:32 utc | 24

@gylangirl
Expecting the whole nation to trade in their cars for bikes is just plain crazy.
I agree – impossible for most the people in the US. There would have to be a serious investment in infrastructure to make it possible for maybe half of the US citizens – like 20% of the defense budget per year.
But a car is not a car and you can decide which one you want to drive. My Twingo goes some 38 miles per gallon while rushing through real live city traffic. The average in the US is a theoretical 24 MPG for passenger vehicles and declining.
The US imports roughly half the crude oil it needs. Driving Twingos etc could bring a 36% decline in fuel usage, a 74% decline in US fuel imports, and would make for a healthy economy and a more peacful world.

Posted by: b | Sep 29 2004 19:44 utc | 25

@b respectfully disagree. the huge investment in infrastructure (paved highways and roads) is already made, at crippling cost. remember it was cyclists who first demanded paved roads in the US… little did they know what was coming. the notion that we need to build a whole parallel infrastructure dedicated solely to bicycles is imho bunkum. all we need is taming of the egregious endangerment currently permitted on the part of mv operators, and the existing road network is quite workable for a wide variety of transport mechanisms, whether human powered or power-assisted.
@vbo: yes, wind power currently accounts for only 2 percent of world energy production, quite true. and 100 years ago, automobile use accounted for only a tiny percent of world transport use, and only a tiny percentage of homes were lit by electricity at all.
so obviously all nascent technologies are irrelevant losers, since in their nascent stage they capture a very tiny market share? I am reminded of the exec who opined (this was in the 70’s iirc) that the market for computers in people’s homes was so tiny as to be irrelevant, certainly not worth any serious thought.
in fact automobile use is still not that big a deal statistically: only about 14 percent of the world pop owns a car. obviously a marginal, unimportant technology, eh? I mean, 14 percent? a small minority. what possible impact could that have? it’s possible to have all kinds of fun with statistics, but what is small today may be large tomorrow and what is apparently small may have large knock-on effects.
I agree that feel-good rituals like recycling and eschewing plastic bags have only small impacts, and that fundamental restructuring and retooling are required. the irony of yuppies dripping with “blood diamonds” but fussing over their plastic bag usage is not lost on me; OTOH one less plastic bag tossed idly overboard by a yuppie may mean one less dead seabird. because an amelioration is minor doesn’t necessarily make it utterly worthless. nor does the shallow embrace of trendy yuplets disfigure and taint every cause they temporarily take up: just because a foolish rich person offends us by using environmental correctness as an excuse to flaunt her class position, doesn’t make environmental issues any less pressing or serious. causes and facts are not, thank goodness, altered in any way by the behaviour and credentials of those who follow or cite them… though alas they may be tarnished in the public eye by sufficiently foolish advocates.
the impact of small things is difficult to assess. behavioural changes have a cascade effect: asking questions and practising moderation in one area can easily lead to a widening inquiry and more ambitious reforms in other areas. as the man said, “It is easier to act your way into a new way of thinking, than to think your way into a new way of acting.” I doubt anything will alter the fundamental attitudes of human hierarchy, swanking and ranking; but if we learned to play out our silly games using more sustainable poker chips, we might be able to play a bit longer and do less real harm.

Posted by: DeAnander | Sep 29 2004 20:34 utc | 26

10 years ago, Strasbourg, my home town, launched an ambitious plan to change driving habits. They built a new tramway (light rail) system, increased bus routes and frequencies, built real bike lanes (physically separate from car lanes) AND they voluntarily made driving more difficult in the city (all roads going through the center were cut off, so that you could only loop in and out of the center, but not go through anymore).
Road traffic dropped by 20%, and the center was suddenly even more pleasant than before.
It is possible; it is a question of policy and incentives. what actually pisses me off is that all the subsidies that go into driving are never aknowledged, but any investment in public transportation is so easily seen as “socialism” or worse. Make cars pay for infrastructure use, road deaths, the costs to the health system of all injuries and cripples from accidents, not to mention pollution, military budgets, etc… – and the unquantifiable but significant cost of using up something finite. Make these explicit, and you could suddenly find that you have enough money to provide pretty convenient public transportation systems and encourage other behavior.
Higher oil prices are an indirect route there; we need to force the issue of all these hidden costs.
My philosophy in life is “luxury is good, waste is bad”, i.e. it’s okay to spend or use resources if you ackowledge the real full cost of that and can afford it. On a personal level, strive to avoid waste but enjoy luxury. On a macro level, encourage policies that punish waste and price things correctly (which includes, but does not mean only, market mechanisms, of course)

Posted by: Jérôme | Sep 29 2004 20:49 utc | 27

@ DeAnander – you are right – but I intended a different view. I did write:
There would have to be a serious investment in infrastructure to make it possible for maybe half of the US citizens – like 20% of the defense budget per year.
I should have written:
There would have to be a serious investment in infrastructure to make public transport (including taking bikes on the train) possible for maybe half of the US citizens – like 20% of the defense budget per year.

Posted by: b | Sep 29 2004 20:57 utc | 28

@Jerome, amen to that! I never get tired of recommending Hart and Spivak’s The Elephant in the Bedroom which points out the degree (massive) to which “private” auto use in the US is actually socialised — and the weird, skewing and draining effects this has on muni and regional budgets. what we’ve come to in the US is privatising necessities and socialising luxury, which from where I sit looks downright certifiable.
so I say again, in complete agreement with you:
True cost accounting, it’s waaaay overdue.
@b sorry, friend, I jumped the gun and assumed (you know what they say about the verb “assume”, right?) that I was hearing a repeat of the usual excuse for not cycling or walking, i.e. that Big Gummint has to build me special facilities before I can possibly do anything so dangerous/weird/different. groveling apologies, and I agree with you about the investment needed to restore and extend America’s trashed or nonexistent transit network. it breaks my heart to see what happened to the world-class railroads that so much wealth and human life was spent to create — a century of vandalism which might someday be remembered in the same light as the burning of the Alexandrian library (or the sack of Baghdad, for that matter), a wilful squandering of human achievement and national wealth. its being self-inflicted only sharpens the ironic edge of the tragedy.
the US is now about, what, fifty years behind the rest of the industrialised world in rail technology? and the rest of our transit service is equally pathetic.
anecdotal interlude: a few years back I met a visiting professor from Uruguay [Uruguay, not exactly a power member of the G8, yes?] who was astonished, she confessed apologetically [unlike Anglo/Americans, many other persons travelling abroad consider it rude to criticise their host country and try to take a positive view of it], to find that bus service in a prosperous seaside town here was so much worse than back in a not-so-prosperous midsize inland hometown, let alone in the city where her University was situated. she said that her guest lecturer pay didn’t look so good if she was obliged to buy and maintain a car on it 🙂
that was a few years ago. since then the bus service in my town has been cut back even further, while support remains fairly strong to raise sales taxes [can we spell “regressive”?] for yet another $300M highway-widening project.
roll on, Hubbert’s Peak. only a short, sharp dose of real pricing will shake people out of the oleaginous trance.

Posted by: DeAnander | Sep 29 2004 22:20 utc | 29

Has anyone seen an estimate of the oil price per bbl at which methyl clathrates become a viable cost-competitive alternative energy source?

Posted by: melior | Sep 30 2004 1:09 utc | 30

How about for cellulose-derived ethanol? (pdf)

Posted by: melior | Sep 30 2004 1:16 utc | 31

How much of a national R&D funding commitment might it take to bring to market a superior alternative energy storage medium, i.e. one that is comparable to gasoline in energy density (and far greater than hydrogen and other current alternatives)? (pdf)

Posted by: melior | Sep 30 2004 1:20 utc | 32

How much would these numbers change if we spent the money we are currently spending to wage war in order to try to secure existing oil reserves in the Middle East and elsewhere?

Posted by: melior | Sep 30 2004 1:22 utc | 33

original source and shameless plug.

Posted by: melior | Sep 30 2004 2:16 utc | 34

Thermal depoly is a very interesting notion. I’d feel a bit better if there wasn’t just one guy (Appel) claiming he has a special patented process that mysteriously makes it work at a profitable recovery rate.
The phrase that sticks with me (found in various forms in various reports on Appel and CWT) is “It is not noted in the article if this has been put forth to widespread scientific peer review.” Now, most other scientific advances or innovative industrial processes that have made a real mark, were reproduced by independent researchers to prove their viability: radio emitters, semiconductors, supercooled magnets, etc. Any time a process or technique can be reproduced successfully only by one person or one team, all the warning buzzers should go off — particularly if that person or team is making a hard pitch for venture capital 🙂
One skeptic remarked “‘Paul Baskis, the inventor of the process’ says that he filed patents for this in the late 1980s. I can’t seem to find a relevant patent grant for this ‘thermal depolymerization’ process, or indeed any patents for Paul Baskis nor for the new owner Brian Appel, nor for Changing World Technologies, nor does the Changing World Technologies web site mention any patents, which is a pretty big omission for a company looking for funding.”
It all does remind me (a) of the original hype over Cold Fusion, and (b) of any generic investment scam. I seem to recall CWT doing spam mailings a few months back promoting their IPO. So I reserve judgment.
Even supposing it works, it’s a waste reclamation technique with a 15 percent loss — a way of mining debris and detritus and (allegedly) reversing entropy, returning some portion of the debris to a low-entropy state so it can be re-degraded for a 2nd round of energy release (but not more than about 7 rounds). This means it is still a negative sum game, whereas the ideal goal is a zero sum game (within the general limits of an entropic universe — a rigged casino).
Sure would be cool to recycle plastics more efficiently and to separate waste streams into useful reclaimed products rather than filling endless dump sites with the stuff. But the idea that this gets us off the hook as far as our fossil fuel squandering is imho unreasonable. The biggest chunk of the fossil fuel stream goes into transport and heating, i.e. it gets burned. Even Dr Appel’s Miracle Percolator can’t pull the smog out of the sky and the heat back out of the atmosphere and turn those degraded products back into long carbon chains.
See, there are these axioms called the laws of thermodynamics, and… oh well, never mind. The Rapture’s a-comin’, better get ready.

Posted by: DeAnander | Sep 30 2004 4:57 utc | 35

DeAnander: the massive investment in infrastructure isn’t in road and public transportation, it is in levelling the suburbs, razing most of the huge corporate HQs in downtown, and rebuilding housing there. Of course, it means people live in flats in multi-stored buildings, not in McMansions anymore. But if you want to limit car use, which is necessary long-term speaking, you have to go back to the basic elements of life as men knew it for millennia. Most notably, the huge majority of people should simply not live farther than 3 miles from their job place; this way, most of them they can go there by walking, biking, or bus. The density of the average US city is just plain crazily low.
Of course, re-concentration of human activities into cities means that the streets will be car-free and devoted to pedestrians and bikes, with streetcars or other kinds of public transportation system.
Last but not least, if you want a “changing world technology”, I just have one word for you: nano-technology.
Blackie: Sure, it may be fancy to complain about plastic bag, but then you may not have seen the waste that you get in the US. And all mircles are implemented in Switzerland? All houses’ roofs with solar panels, car use is legally rationed?
Melior: Indeed, if we stopped wasting money on oil, nuclear stuff and missile shield, and put it in serious R/D, we would be far better. We just need to find leaders that support these ideas (hint: it’s not Bush-Cheney04).
Though I think that peak oil is a contributing factor to the impending and long-overdue Malthusian crisis which will hit mankind in a few decades. To plagiarise Roberts, either we change our ways of life and massively reduce population, or nature will do it for us. In this case, I’m all for pre-emptive actions.

Posted by: CluelessJoe | Sep 30 2004 9:40 utc | 36